Primary battery.



W. G. BANKS. PRIMARY BATTERY. APPLICATION FILED JULY 20, 1907.

Patented Feb. 15, 1910.

lIE-L WILLIAM C. BANKS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRIMAi'tY BATTERY.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Feb. 15, 1910.

Application filed Ju1y 29, 1907. Serial No. 385,981.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM C. Burns, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New York city, in the county and State of New York,-have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Primary Batteries, of which the following is aspecification.

. My invention relates to primary batteries and consists in a novel form of one element, by thetemployme'nt of which I get a better distribution of the depolarizer used, and its arran ement in such relative POSltlOIl and quantity that it will be fully utllized, which is ,aresult long sought for and never satis- .factorily attained in as simple an arrangement as that which I have devised.

. The device is shown as aplpliedhtoI a3 ordioug 0 not na 6x8 orcelain cell, 't limit mysel to that'form.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on line w-a of Fig. 2 showing one 'form of the element in question, suspended in a battery jar. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross sectional view on line yy of F1 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the underface oi the J, is the ordinary jar, and N, the negative element. This element consists of the metal plate N, which is pierced with a series of apertures a. They may be round, square or 0 any other shape, and preferably areplaced about one half an inch apart and erably in the form of black oxid of copper.

L s L, or cars extend upwardly from the platifi and are usually so formed as to proect over the ed e of the jar and thus sustain the plate within it and above the botilsom. A binding post P, is provided at one lo conveniently hold the parts in pro er relative osition,I groove or slot the un or face of t e cover a, as at g, 9, Fig. 3. Then when it is in position, the grooves or slots 9, will fit overthe lugs L, and permit the cover'to rest' closely on the top of the jar and will at the same time hold the plate N, in a definite position within the jar. Indentations in the'jar would partially answer the purpose, but not entirely, since they would not necessarily hold the zinc and iron plate in'proper relative position unless they took copper.

in a cover lug as well as the lugs of the plate. Perforations 12, (preferably other than round) are also formed in said cover and through them I pass the shanks s, of the zinc elements Z, which ma be connected together by a bar 6, provide with nuts n, and

' apart that the lates N, will not be so liable to fracture in s ipment as are the ordinary ,oxid of copper plates, I have heretofore emplo ed; that the contacts between the. oxid an the iron will be so proportionately extensive and the depth of ox1d, from contact to center, so proportionately slight, that I will be able to utilize the entire action of which that quantity of oxid is capable, obviating the difiiculty I have heretofore sometimes encountered, that is that my battery (with a solid oxid plate in a holder) had ceased to be effective though a considerable portion of the oxid, (toward the center of the plate) not having been converted into meta lic copper,-was therefore, to a degree wasted.

In constructing my plate, I prefer to use malleable cast iron for the plate proper and v to mix the oxid with a binder, such as caustic soda, to insure that the particles shall hold firmly together. Other binders might be used, and if in their use or for any other reason the material intended for performing the depolarizing action is not in its best condition when it has been forced into the apertures a, the whole plate thus charged may be brought to a red heat and then slowly cooled in the open air. It will then be found to be in prime condition.

This battery plate must not be confounded with a single square of compressed oxid of I do not seek to claim that. In its construction the copper oxid is placed in a mold, and compressed therein and thereafter which-it is slowly cooled in the open air,.

but I do not remove the oxid from the plate,

consequently the very close and complete contact over the Whole surface of the aper tures, caused by the reat pressure to which the oxid has been si1%jected, remains intact, and the result is very noticeable in the increased efiiciency of the element as thus constructed, for, below the surface .of the exciting fluid it is practically without joint,

though all of the oxid may be below that level. Such complete union would be impossible with plates of low tensile strength, since. they could not endure the pressure necessary to cause the complete and permanent contact with all parts of the aperture walls.

What I claim as my invention .and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A battery element, composed of a malleable iron plate, having apertures disposed generally therein, and extending therethrough, and a series of compressed oxid of copper plugs forced under intense pres sure' into said apertures.

I 2. Abattery element, composed of a metal plate of-high tensilestrength having apertures disposed generally therein and extending therethrough and a series of oxid of copper plugs forced under intense pressure into said apertures. p

3. A battery element, composed of a plate of high tensile strength, whose material is substantially immune to the action of the electrolyte, which plate is provided with a series of openings enerallydisposed there in, and extending therethrough, and a series of oxid of copper plugs forced under intense pressure into said openings.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses," this. 27" day of July 1907.

WM. 0. BANKS Witnesses l A. G. N. VERMILYA, 1 WILLIAM K. GILCHRIST. 

